Mark 12 – Light-weight bomb to be carried by fighter aircraft (12–14 kilotons).Mark 10 – Improved version of Mk-8 (12–15 kilotons, cancelled May 1952).Mark 8 – Gun-assembly, HEU weapon designed for penetrating hardened targets.Mark 5 – Significantly smaller high efficiency nuclear bomb.Bomb designed with weapon characteristics as the foremost criteria. Mark 3 – " Fat Man" plutonium implosion weapon (used against Nagasaki), effectively the same as the "Gadget" device used in the Trinity nuclear test with minor design differences.Implosion Mark 2 – Another Manhattan Project plutonium implosion weapon, a hollow pit implosion design, was also sometimes referred to as Mark 2.Mark 2 – " Thin Man" plutonium gun design-cancelled in 1944.Mark 1 – " Little Boy" gun-type uranium weapon (used against Hiroshima)."Test Experimental" bombs designated with "TX". Bombs – designated with Mark ("Mk") numbers until 1968, and with "B" numbers after that.Those models are listed as canceled, along with the year or date of cancellation of their program. This list includes weapons which were developed to the point of being assigned a model number (and in many cases, prototypes were test fired), but which were then canceled prior to introduction into military service. There are also examples of out-of-sequence numbering and other prefixes used in special occasions. An example is the B61 nuclear bomb, which was the parent design for the W80, W81, and W84. In other cases, when the modifications are more significant, variants are assigned their own number. Such examples share the same sequence number.
For instance, the W-53 warhead was also used as the basis for the B53 nuclear bomb.
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At this time the weapons began to receive designations based on their role bombs were given the prefix "B", while the same warhead used in other roles, like missiles, would normally be prefixed "W". As weapons became more sophisticated they also became much smaller and lighter, allowing them to be used in many roles. These were known by "Mark" designators, like the Mark 4 which was a development of the Fat Man weapon.
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Pure test units which were experiments (and not intended to be weapons) are not numbered in this sequence.Įarly weapons were very large and could only be used as free fall bombs. All designs which were formally intended to be weapons at some point received a number designation.
US nuclear weapons of all types – bombs, warheads, shells, and others – are numbered in the same sequence starting with the Mark 1 and (as of March 2006 ) ending with the W-91 (which was canceled prior to introduction into service). Main article: United States and weapons of mass destruction
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